The Year Ahead: Science Branch

image
Eric Peterson, Science Coordinator out monitoring algae on the Trinity River in 2024. [Jeanne McSloy, Trinity River Restoration Program]

The Program and partners have approved winter-time Environmental Flows for the next few water years. The intent of moving flows into the winter time is to provide flow conditions that Trinity River salmonids evolved to exploit.  From a scientific point of view, that intent and the reasons behind it are organized into hypotheses that the Trinity River Restoration Program will be testing throughout implementation of the project. 

For the year ahead with the implementation of a new flow management the Program will continue with both short and long-term monitoring projects. Long-term monitoring projects include, outmigrant monitoring (tracking the number and size of young fish heading out to sea), adult escapement monitoring (tracking the number and size of adult fish returning from the sea). Shorter duration studies to examine the flow changes include acoustic monitoring of rock movement, tracking the development of periphyton (algae) on newly inundated floodplains, and investigating the benthic macroinvertebrate (fish food) response to the flows.

image

Currently in the river, spring and fall run Chinook Salmon eggs are hatching and young fish are starting to emerge. Outmigrant monitoring will be ramping up to count these young fish on their migration. The Program is also preparing for some research on how low floodplains, like the Oregon Gulch inundation areas, develop vegetation and if it differs from our more traditional channel restoration sites. 

Last but not least, the Limiting Factors Analysis, is on schedule with initial model development. The project intends to dissect the many limiting factors during the lifecycle of Trinity River Chinook so that the Program can better analyze it’s role and ways to continue restoration efforts more effectively. As the model is developed the task group will assemble the data to parameterize the model, an effort that will continue through 2025. Watch for results of those efforts to come out in summer of 2026! 

Trinity River Surveys: Gravel Bar Mapping

Photo

Crews have been mapping gravel bars and fine sediment deposits on the Trinity River these past few weeks. The mapping was last done in 2013, and the updated measurements will indicate progress the Program has made in restoring these features on the Trinity River. Prior research on the Trinity River and elsewhere has shown the quantity of habitat for juvenile salmon rearing increases where sediment bars are present in the river – the more bars, the higher the ability for producing salmon. Results of the survey will be published in the coming months.

[Photo Credit: Jeanne McSloy, TRRP/Reclamation]

Gravel Bar Mapping Surveys

Photo

During the month-long survey, crews witnessed salmon actively spawning in areas recently rehabilitated by the Program. As shown in the photo to the left, a salmon redd is located where the riverbed is more brightly colored, which happens as a result of when periphyton is removed from river rocks as a salmon builds its nest. This particular redd is located at the lower end of Chapman Ranch, a channel rehabilitation site that was completed in 2021. As the survey crew approached the redd, a male salmon was found guarding the nest. The female salmon was not present and had either completed her spawning at this location and moved on to build another redd elsewhere (salmon sometimes construct several redds in one spawning season) or perished after constructing this one.  Either way, the male was left to guard this nest from other fish that may attempt to construct their nest near enough to this one to damage it. 

[Photo Credit: Todd Buxton, TRRP/Reclamation]

As the mapping work proceeded, the male salmon moved from the redd to a deep area that had scoured around the constructed wood jam shown in the picture (below). The male used the deep water and its overhead wood as protective cover and did not return to guarding the nest until the team moved far enough away for the fish to return to guard duty. 

Photo

Wood placement in rehabilitation projects and natural recruitment of logs from adjacent forests is an important element for restoring the Trinity River. Wood provides cover for fish, creates backwater areas for migrating fish, and helps river flows sort sediments for use by species that require mainly gravel (salmon for spawning) or finer sediments (sands for lamprey rearing), or a mixture of both (macroinvertebrates). It gives our team an immense amount of pride witnessing these efforts work in the river and for its inhabitants.

[Photo Credit: Todd Buxton, TRRP/Reclamation]